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What percentage of the U.S. population served in WWII?

Twelve percent of the U.S. population served in World War II.

U.S. History

W hen Congress declared war on Japan on December 8, 1941, more Americans than ever before heard the call of duty. Some 16.1 million U.S. citizens served in the military by the time World War II ended in 1945, representing 12% of the total population of 132 million at the time. Around 39% of U.S. service members were volunteers, while the remaining 61% were draftees. It was the second-deadliest conflict in U.S. history, with the 407,316 fatalities surpassed only by the 620,000 or more who fell during the Civil War.

The average duration of service was 33 months, with 73% of Americans serving overseas in countries such as France and Germany for an average of 16 months. An enlisted soldier earned an average of $71.33 per month, while officers made $203.50 per month — equivalent to about $1,436 and $4,107 today, respectively.

The number of service members was even higher in Germany, where 18.1 million aided the Nazis' effort out of a population of 69 million — a whopping 31%. No nation bore the brunt of the conflict quite like the Soviet Union, however, where 34.5 million people, including 35% of the male population, mobilized during the war.

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By the Numbers

Countries involved in WWII

70+

Ships sunk during WWII

20,000

Did you know?

World War II was fought on every continent but Antarctica.

Though it was divided into two main theaters (Pacific and European), World War II was so expansive that it was fought on every continent but one: Antarctica. The North Africa campaigns lasted three years and saw battles take place in Libya, Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, with the Allies emerging victorious in May 1943. The conflict also reached North America; the U.S. entered the war after the Pearl Harbor attack of December 7, 1941, which President Franklin D. Roosevelt famously declared "a date which will live in infamy." Brazil was the only South American country to deploy troops, but naval battles such as River Plate occurred off the coast of Uruguay, and Germany attempted espionage in Latin America via Operation Bolívar. Australia was one of the first countries to declare war on Nazi Germany, and mainland Australia was first attacked by Japan on February 19, 1942.

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