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How Oklahoma got its unique shape

Oklahoma has a panhandle because of the Missouri Compromise.

U.S. History

T he Oklahoma Panhandle is an unusual boundary that exists due to a law passed 87 years before Oklahoma even became a state: the Missouri Compromise of 1820. The law admitted Missouri to the union as a slave state and Maine as a free state to maintain the existing balance, and prohibited slavery above the 36 degrees 30 minutes north parallel in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase. The panhandle was formed after the Republic of Texas was admitted to the union in 1845 as a slave state south of this line, but with a little sliver of land jutting above the boundary. Rather than separate Texas into two portions, Congress passed the Compromise of 1850, in which Texas ceded the land. The region became known as the Public Land Strip, or colloquially as "No Man's Land."

From 1850 to 1890, this narrow, rectangular tract of land, roughly 167 miles long and 35 miles wide, existed as a separate entity from any state or territorial government, making it an attractive destination for homesteaders and outlaws. The land was bordered by Texas to the south, the New Mexico Territory to the west, and unorganized territories to the north and east. The Organic Act of 1890 finally brought an end to this unusual situation, as the Public Land Strip was assigned to the new Oklahoma Territory. The panhandle remained a part of Oklahoma when it became the 46th U.S. state on November 16, 1907, giving the Sooner State its unique shape.

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By the Numbers

Counties in Oklahoma

Percentage of Oklahomans who identify as American Indians

14.2%

Did you know?

The world's first parking meters were installed in Oklahoma City.

In 1930, there were an estimated 500,000 vehicles in Oklahoma, mainly throughout its namesake capital city. This created a lot of unwanted congestion, as people who worked downtown would occupy all available parking spaces for the entire day, forcing potential customers to park far away from the retail district. Though the city tried to solve this issue with parking enforcement, those efforts fell short, so in 1932, inventor, lawyer, and newspaper publisher Carl C. Magee was hired to come up with a solution. Magee conceived of a mechanical device that could not only track how long a car was parked, but also collect money for the right to park. It took three years to design and manufacture the newfangled machines, but 175 parking meters were finally installed around Oklahoma City on July 16, 1935, to test the concept. The "Park-O-Meters," as they were known, were highly successful at both limiting congestion and generating revenue, inspiring other cities to follow suit.